The Absolute Velocity of the Light

 

"A man was crossing a river by boat. His sword fell into the water due to his carelessness. Immediately he made a mark on the boat where his sword fell off. Others asked him: “Why do you make a mark on the boat?”

“This is where my sword fell off,” he said, “When the boat stops, I will jump into the water to look for my sword at the place where I have marked the boat.”…

 

Though there is no necessary relationship between the boat and the sword because the boat has moved and the sword has not, the mark maker made a relationship between them rigidly. Isn’t it very foolish?


In summary, the light beam and the cosmic space are just like that sword and the water, but the frame of reference system is just like the boat. The light travels in the cosmic space. Therefore, there is no essential relationship between the light and the frame. Despite of that, the light is imposed on the frame of reference by Einstein. Does he have any differences from the mark maker logically?”

 

 Ji Qi, YinLing Jiang in his article "Absurdity of Relativity and Root of Its Success."


When gravity wheel of the perpetual motion was set in motion by force of two fingers, it began to rotate; slowly it augmented its speed and captured a steady state. To certain extent, the gravity wheel tolerates outside influences and readjusts itself.

 

Living being or energy  behave like Perpetual motion.   It grows first, it propagates at a steady state, then, gradually it begins to fade, and at last terminates completely to dissolve in nothing.

 

Light is also a form of perpetual motion. It generally behaves in a similar manner stated above.


Speed of light also shows variations in many instances. Light  moves more slowly when traveling through water as compared to air. Probably, light  moves more slowly inside than outside the earth's atmosphere, therefore,  an analogous variation in the speed of light  might be expected between air and space. Relativists also agree  that the velocity of light in air is slower than in a so-called vacuum. 


The suggestion of existence of an absolute in the philosophical category like ‘Absolute space’ and ‘Absolute time’ proposed by Newton is looked upon with derision in scientific circles but we are intrigued to see that Einstein’s postulate of velocity of light as Absolute is held in much esteem in scientific circles in spite of many inconsistencies and new evidence faster than light.


Einstein believed in the "absolute velocity of light', however, he didn’t believe in "absolute God" as well as personal God i.e., one who intervenes in personal human affairs. He did not believe in anything like the God of the Bible, which  is Creator, Lawgiver, Judge and Saviour. However, in describing the radiant beauty, the harmony and the magnificent structure of the universe, Einstein sometimes utilized the term "God" to depict a Divine Reason, Spirit, or Intelligence: a God who was identified with the universe and its laws taken together. He is reported as saying that a “deeply emotional conviction of the presence of a superior reasoning power, which is revealed in the incomprehensible universe, forms my idea of God”[1].


Like Einstein, many eminent philosophers and scientists have praised the design and harmony of the universe, however, they have groped in dark when confronted with problem of instant action across the universe that is essential to maintain the harmony of the universe.  With velocity of light as ‘absolute beyond which nothing can move faster’, it is difficult to conceive the harmony of the world because magnitude of velocity of light stands so small as compared to the vastness of the universe in which light takes millions of years to move across different regions of the universe.

 

Universe is interconnected in parts as a whole and it is difficult to conceive that development of a particular region of the universe is totally independent of remote regions of the universe. The harmony of the whole cannot be established without instantaneous communication between its different parts.

 

Isho Upanishad says:  “All this- whatever exists in this changing universe, is pervaded by God". 

 

"That (pure consciousness) is full (perfect); this (the manifest universe of matter; of names and forms being maya) is full. This fullness has been projected from that fullness. When this fullness merges in that fullness, all that remains is fullness".

 

The instantaneous communication between different regions of the universe requires presence of some active entity like God or supreme consciousness or at least some medium which is omnipresent everywhere in the universe. We have to assume that inherent activity of medium is so fast and widespread that it would appear to be present everywhere. On the basis of simple reasoning that communication across the different regions of space requires a medium, philosophers proposed aether without which harmony of the universe cannot be maintained.

 

Vedic Rhisis show that there is instantaneous mysterious communication between Ashwins, the twin gods. They move in ten directions that may imply us that  they are somehow connected in a ten  dimensional space-time realm that is beyond our common sense, although they appear separated in our world. Rişhi Paura Atreya observed that Aswins are born “separately” (RV 5-7-34). “They are co-existent and interdependent for their effective effectioning which they discharge in common.”


German Physicist W. Heisenberg (1901-1976) remarked: "After the conversations about Indian philosophy, some of the ideas of Quantum Physics that had seemed so crazy suddenly made much more sense".[2]

 

 

Many Vedic hymns demonstrate telepathy and conversations between various gods who are in perpetual motion far away from each other. It appears that Vedic seers discovered the technique of instantaneous communications and they possessed secret knowledge of distant and instantaneous communication as demonstrated by non-locality aspect of quantum mechanics. Many scholars believe that this kind of distant communication is unscientific. But scholars who have studied quantum mechanics know it very well that non-locality or instantaneous communication between two particles located light years apart from each other is a fundamental aspect of nature. By logic a similar communication among the natural forces, heavenly bodies must also exist at terrestrial and macrocosmic level also.

 

The implications of Bell's and the experimental findings that flow from it are bewildering to the physicists. They are consistent with Vedic view of universe. Mathematics and experimentation in quantum mechanics have taken physicists to accept the Vedic view where their logical mind cannot go. Now they are able to accept the reality of instantaneous communication across the universe. They have observed that two particles once in contact, separated even to the ends of the universe, change instantaneously when a change in one of them occurs! These findings force them to consider that the entire notion of a purely objective world is in conflict not only with the theory of quantum mechanics, but with the facts drawn from actual experiments. These findings point immediately to a profound interaction between conscious mental activity and the physical world itself.

 

In 1979, while writing about quantum reality, French physicist Bernard D'Espagnat said that "the entire notion of an external, fixed, objective world now lies in conflict not only with quantum theory, but in facts drawn from actual experiments.... in some sense all these objects constitute an indivisible whole."

 

In 1935, by applying their mathematical reasoning, Albert Einstein, Nathan Rosen and Boris Podolsky suggested that if the quantum theory were correct, then 'A change in the spin of one particle in a two particle system would affect its twin simultaneously, even if the two had been widely separated in the meantime'. And 'simultaneity’ in the theory of special relativity restricts the propagation of any signal faster than the speed of light. Evidently, a signal communicating to other particle 'what to do' would have to travel faster than the speed of light if instantaneous changes were to take place between the two particles.

 

Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen designed a thought experiment intended to reveal what they believed to be inadequacies of quantum mechanics coming to be known as EPR paradox.

 

Any effect that propagated instantly across a distance was (and is) in conflict with the theory of relativity. In 1964 Bell's Theorem provided the proof that Einstein's impossible proposition did in fact hold true: instantaneous changes in widely separated systems took place.

 

The essential description of Bell's Theorem as given by professor Henry Stapp states: "If the statistical predictions of quantum theory are true, an objective universe is incompatible with the law of local causes."

 

On the other hand, Physicist Jack Sarfatti of the Physics/Consciousness Research Group holds the view that no violation of Einstein's special theory of relativity occurs. He has argued that it is ‘information’ rather than an actual energy-requiring signal that is transmitted between the distant objects. According to Jan Mirehiel “It is not exactly, however, clear what this information is other than some strange thing which might travel instantly and require no energy to do so.”[3]

 

In 1979, while talking about the quantum reality French physicist Bernard D'Espagnat remarked: "the entire notion of an external, fixed, objective world now lies in conflict not only with quantum theory, but in facts drawn from actual experiments.... in some sense all these objects constitute an indivisible whole."[4]

 

In his excellent book entitled “Quantum Reality: Beyond the New Physics”[5], Dr. Nick Herbert, director of the C-Life Institute finds that “we have merely discovered an elemental oneness of the world. This oneness cannot be diminished by spatial separation. An invisible wholeness unites the objects that are given birth in the universe, and it is this wholeness that we have stumbled into through modern experimental methods. Herbert alludes to the words of the poet Charles Williams: "Separation without separateness, reality without rift.”[6]

On the basis of Bell's theorem Nick Herbert suggests that reality itself is nonlocal, it is unmediated, unmitigated, and immediate as demonstrated by force of gravity acting upon objects and its action-at-a-distance. Nick Herbert explains that this nonlocality exists even if quantum theory eventually turns out to be false.

 

 

Vedic sages state velocity of light fairly close to modern value but they do not mention that it is ‘absolute’. To express harmony of the universe, they lay great emphasis on an instant communication across the universe which is comparable to the speed of thought. Moreover, to explain the harmony, stability and evolution of the universe, they primarily rely on various fundamental attributes of gravity including its absolute velocity as compared to limited velocity of light.

 

Thus, our main objections to theory of relativity are as follows:

 

Theory of relativity fails to explain the harmony of the universe.

 

Theory of relativity fails to explain continuous creation of matter and energy in the universe, therefore, cannot account for the evolution of the universe.

 

Many of the concepts that constitute cosmic religion of Einstein have no reality and appear us to as metaphysical charlatanry. Einstein seems to be confused when he states harmony of the universe but at the same time conceives velocity of light as absolute. If any entity cannot surpass speed of the light in the universe, then, in what manner Einstein as a scientist conceives the harmony of the universe is not understandable.

 

The development of our universe can be compared with development of our society which has evolved to technological age with advanced method of communication. Without instantaneous communication, our society would have remained in the primitive state. Similarly, we cannot conceive the universe to the present state of evolution without instant communication across the different regions of the universe.

 

In the history of communication, anyone one who petted and trained pigeons to develop faster method of communication deserves our praise. But anyone’s ‘pigeon theory’ is absurd if it declares that velocity of pigeons is absolute beyond which no message can move faster. Similarly, theory of relativity that considers velocity of light as absolute has same flaw of the pigeon theory.

 

Light Velocity Is A Ratio, It Can Not Be Absolute

 

Velocity is defined as space traversed in a particular interval of time.  Contrary to Newtonian mechanics, theory of relativity, does not consider space and time as ‘absolute’ but despite it, velocity of light is still considered as “absolute”, it  shows logical contradiction.

 

In his article “Light Velocity Is A Ratio, It Can Not Be Absolute”, Harry H. Ricker points out this inconsistency as follows:

 

“A velocity is a ratio quantity defined as the ratio of a space interval measure as distance to a time interval measure as duration. A ratio can not be an absolute quantity because as a ratio it defines an equivalence relation. For every unique choice of a distance unit of measure, there exists a corresponding time unit, and for every unique choice of time unit there corresponds a distance unit. To say that the velocity of light is a constant is absurd because this depends upon the choice of measure units used in the definition.  In physics, a ratio can never be defined as the basis for units of measurement, because it can only define an equivalence relation which has infinity of solutions. Hence, Einstein’s theory of relativity is founded upon a serious blunder which contradicts the sound principles of physical measurement.”[7]

 

 

Particles Travel Faster Than Light, Say Scientists

 

Physicists working at CERN discovere that sub-atomic particles called neutrinos can travel faster than light, a finding that — if verified would mean that Albert Einstein’s special theory of relatively marked as E-MC2 would be incorrect. Neutrinos are electrically neutral particles so small that only recently were they found to have mass.

 

 

In experiments conducted between the European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Switzerland and a laboratory in Italy, CERN says a neutrino beam fired from a particle accelerator near Geneva to a lab 454 miles (730 kilometers) away in Italy traveled 60 nanoseconds faster than the speed of light. The tiny particles were clocked at 300,006 kilometres per second, about six km/sec faster that the speed of light, the researchers said. In the experiments, scientists blasted a beam producing billions upon billions of neutrinos from CERN, which straddles the French-Swiss border near Geneva, to the Gran Sasso Laboratory 730 kilometres (453 miles) away in Italy.

 

“The neutrinos arrived 60 nanoseconds earlier that the 2.3 milliseconds taken by light,” Ereditato told AFP. CERN Scientists calculated the margin of error at just 10 nanoseconds, statistically which is a significant difference. Since they are aware of enormous implications of their discovery, they would like to check and recheck their results to make sure there are no flaws in the experiment before they consider their discovery as an established fact.

 

Under Albert Einstein’s theory of special relativity, however, a physical object cannot travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. “This result comes as a complete surprise,” said physicist Antonio Ereditato, a physicist at the University of Bern, Switzerland, who was involved in the experiment known as OPERA.“We wanted to measure the speed of neutrinos, but we didn’t expect to find anything special.” He further said.

 

Ereditat reported that scientists worked nearly six months “checking, testing, controlling and rechecking everything” before making an announcement.  "We have not found any instrumental effect that could explain the result of the measurement," said Antonio Ereditato,

 

Other outside scientists were skeptical about CERN’s claim that the neutrinos smashed past the cosmic speed limit of 186,282 miles per second (299,792 kilometers per second).

 

Adrian Cho remarked: “If it’s true, it will mark the biggest discovery in physics in the past half-century.” The reason the discovery is so momentous is that the modern world of physics is guided by the special theory of relativity which is based on the erroneous postulate  that light travels at the fastest possible speed in the universe which is constant. Findings have so astounded CERN scientists that they have asked others to independently verify the measurements before claiming an actual discovery. They were cautious in describing its implications, and invited physicists around the world to scrutinize their data. But the findings, they believed, could potentially reshape our understanding of the physical world.

 

“If this measurement is confirmed, it might change our view of physics,” said CERN research director Sergio Bertolucci, a view echoed by several independent physicist contacted by AFP. Scientists believe if the results are confirmed, it would persuade them to review the fundamental laws of science. The theory of general relativity, the theory of special relativity both get shattered once fact gets established that neutrino travels faster than light.

 

Alfons Weber, a neutrino expert who participated in a similar experiment in 2007 at the US Fermilab, agreed that the faster-than-light neutrinos could not be reconciled with current theories, but said the results needed to be duplicated elsewhere.

 

 

Stavros Katsanevas, the deputy director of France's National Institute for Nuclear and Particle Physics Research expressed hope that a similar neutrino experiment at Fermilab near Chicago would be capable of running the tests. The institute had collaboration with Italy's Gran Sasso National Laboratory for the experiment at CERN.

 

With such a huge potential discovery Scientists at the competing Fermilab in Chicago has begun immediate experiments of their own in an attempt to duplicate the discovery. "It's a shock," said Fermilab head theoretician Stephen Parke, who was not a member of the research team in Geneva. "It's going to cause us problems, no doubt about that - if it's true." The Chicago team had obtained similar faster-than-light results in 2007, but with a giant margin of error that undercut its scientific significance.

 

Kenneth Chang has reported that “two technical problems leave neutrinos’ speed in question”.[8]


His reports reads as follows:

 

“In a detailed scrutiny of the experiment, CERN, which runs a particle-smashing machine called the Large Hadron Collider, found two problems with its equipment that could have affected its measurements.

 

One is an electronic component that marked the exact times for GPS measurements. (The experiment requires such precise measurements of time and distance that even continental drift is taken into account.) The component was “clearly out of its specifications,” said Dario Autiero, a physicist who is the spokesman for the experiment.

 

However, that error would have sped up the neutrinos even more.

 

The second potential error is in the fiber-optic cabling that carried the GPS data five miles to the underground detector. The investigation discovered that for dimmer light pulses, the circuit receiving the data introduced delay — up to 60 billionths of a second — that could bring the neutrinos’ speed back under the speed of light. The circuit has now been fixed.

 

The journal Science reported the potential fraying of the experiment’s conclusions — which many physicists had found hard to believe in the first place — on its Web site on Wednesday.

 

But Dr. Autiero said the issues it identified did not conclusively prove or disprove the findings. “We are not sure of the state of this connection in the past,” he said.

 

A new round of neutrino firings will begin in late March, and if the cable issue is at fault, the answer will be resolved shortly afterward.”

 

 

Experiments with Lasers Shows Faster Than Light Results

 

In a paper published in the Oct. 16 issue of the research journal "Nature," the three researchers -- Daniel Gauthier and Michael Stenner of Duke University and Mark Neifeld of the University of Arizona – obtained faster than light results by applying information theory to experiments with lasers. Information theory is a statistical theory dealing with the limits and efficiency of information processing

 

“In the process, the researchers recorded experimental conditions in which the posted light speed limit appeared to be vastly exceeded - until they subtracted the time it took them to reliably detect the results.”

 

Gauthier, a Duke associate professor of physics said that some theoreticians immediately challenged that light speed limit. Those theoreticians' calculations showed that some components in a pulse of light could move faster while passing through particular types of transparent media. These calculations put a challenge to the relativity theory itself, which specifies that anything breaking that light speed limit would reach at its destination sooner than it left, thus breaking the law of cause-and-effect.

 

UnNews:E=mc^2 disproven!

 

We have an interesting argument from “unnews” that disproves E=Mc2

 

“Astronomers and cosmologists around the world were angered and embarrassed today as it was revealed to the general public that their beloved E = mc2 was incorrect. The proof lies in the fact that gravity operates instantaneously. To elaborate: If, say, the Sun were to suddenly disappear right now, the Earth would instantly fly out of orbit. This contradicts E = mc2, which says that nothing can move faster than the speed of light. If E = MC2 were true, then the result of the thought experiment would be that the Earth would stay in its orbit for 8 minutes, which is clearly absurd. So desperate are the supporters of E = MC2, they go as far as claiming that this is exactly what would happen. This is clearly absurd, as it fails against not only Newton's Law of Gravity, but common sense, and we all know that common sense is the most important thing in science. Anything that fails against common sense is clearly unscientific and incorrect. When presented of the reality of Newton's Law of Gravity, supporters of E = MC2 claim not only that E = MC2 has little to do with gravity, but that the Law of Gravity was superseded by relativity! This is absurd, as Relativity is a Theory, and the Law of Gravity is a Law.”[9]



 




References:

 

[1] Barnett, L., The Universe and Dr. Einstein, Victor Gallancz Ltd, London, UK, p. 95, 1953.

[3] Jan Mirehiel, Bell’s Theorem To The Art Bell Effect

http://www.apocatastasis.net/God/PRIMARYFIELD/Bells-Theorem.html

 

article Adapted from: Bell’sTheorem and Hinduism

http://www.hinduism.co.za/

 

http://www.harmonicconcordance.com/___QuantumPortal-5.htm

 

[4] quoted by Jan Mirehiel ibid

[5] Nick Herbert, Quantum Reality: Beyond the New Physics

Published by: Anchor, February 20, 1987 ISBN-10: 0385235690

ISBN-13: 978-0385235693

[6] Hinduism & Quantum Physics

http://www.hinduism.co.za/hinduism.htm

 

 

[7] Harry H. Ricker III, LIGHT VELOCITY IS A RATIO, IT CAN NOT BE ABSOLUTE

Correcting Albert Einstein’s Special Theory Of Relativity

Harry H. Ricker III E mail: kc3mx@yahoo.com

[8] Kenneth Chang, Two Technical Problems Leave Neutrinos’ Speed in Question, The New York Times, Science , Published: February 23, 2012

 http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/24/science/neutrinos-speed-in-question-because-of-technical-problems-cern-says.html?_r=1&ref=science

[9] UnNews:E=mc^2 disproven! 19 August 2007

http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/UnNews:E%3Dmc%5E2_disproven!